Configuring DHCP Scope
DHCP scope
refers to the pool of IP addresses along with other configuration such as DNS,
gateway etc. You can open the DHCP console from server manager. Expand the
server and right click on IPv4, you will see the new scope.
Click on the new
scope
1. Click Next on the welcome screen.
2. Provide a name for your scope and
click Next.
3. Enter the IP address range that you
want to configure. You can configure the subnet mask by either directly
entering it or by the mask length.
Click
Next.
4. Here you can enter the IP address or
range of IP address that you want to exclude from the defined scope. E.g. If I
configured 192.168.117.220 for one of my printer statically, I can exclude that
IP here.
The
subnet delay in milli second will be useful if you have multiple DHCP servers.
You can delay the DHCP Offer by configuring this value. Click Next.
5. The lease duration can be defined
here. If you have large IP pool, you can increase the lease duration and if you
have more mobile users and short IP pool, you can decrease the lease duration.
The default lease duration is 8 hours.
Click
Next.
6. You can choose to configure the scope
options like DNS, WINS, and Gateway etc. or configure it later. I will choose
to configure it later.
Click
Next.
7. Now you will get the final screen and you
can see that you have to activate the scope before the client can lease the
address.
Click on Finish
to complete the new scope wizard.
You can see a
down red down arrow indicating the scope is not active and if you right click the
scope you will get the option to activate it.
Click on
activate and now the scope is ready for address lease.
DHCP Options
DHCP options
can be configured at 4 levels.
1. Server
2. Scope
3. Class
4. Reservations
Server Level options are applicable
for all scopes in that server. The commonly configured server level option is
the DNS server. Let us configure the DNS server at server level. Open the DHCP
console from server manager.
1. expand the IPv4
2. Right Click server options
3. Click on configure options
4. Select the 006 DNS Servers.
5. You can Enter server name or IP.
6. Click on add.
7. It will validate the DNS service and
add the IP to the options.
8. Click Apply.
Now you can
see the DNS server in the server options.
Now let us configure the default gate way through scope options.
1. Right click scope options
2. Choose 003 Router
4. Click Apply.
Now you can see the scope options as shown below.
Notice the difference in the icon of DNS and router. We configure the DNS as a server option and not in the scope. So it came with a server Icon. I added one more scope named 8th floor and configured the DNS through the scope option as shown below.
Notice that now the router and DNS icons are same, as I configured both at the scope level.
The class options are classified in to user class option and vendor class option.Class options are used to provide different DHCP options for a particular group of DHCP clients. E.g. If a particular department that requires different DHCP options, you can use user class or based on the manufacturers like dell, you can use Vendor class.
Reservation is used to bind the MAC address of a client with a particular IP so that the client will always get that IP. We can configure exclusive DHCP options for the reserved client. To reserve an IP open the DHCP console and follow the procedures.
1. Right click reservations and click new reservation.
2. Give a name to identify the reservation and enter the IP address you want to reserve. Provide the MAC address of the machine for which you want to reserve.
3. Click Add.
4. Right click the new reservation and click configure options.
5. I am configuring a new DNS server only for this reservation.Click OK.
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